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Complete Guide: 14 Mandatory Allergens in EU Restaurants 2025

Why Is It Mandatory to Display Allergens on the Menu?

Food allergies affect 2-4% of adults and 6-8% of children in Europe. A severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) can be fatal within minutes.

That’s why the EU implemented the Regulation 1169/2011, which requires all establishments serving food to clearly inform about the presence of 14 major allergens.

Who Does It Apply To?

  • ✅ Restaurants and bars
  • ✅ Cafés and bakeries
  • ✅ Hotels with food service
  • ✅ School and corporate cafeterias
  • ✅ Food trucks and stalls
  • ✅ Delivery and take-away

In summary: If you sell prepared food, you must inform about allergens.

The 14 Mandatory Allergens (Complete List)

1
Cereales con gluten

Dónde se esconde: Salsas espesadas con harina, tempuras, pan rallado en albóndigas, pastillas de caldo, cerveza en adobos, obleas, embutidos.

2
Crustáceos

Dónde se esconde: Caldo de marisco, paellas, pastas con salsa marinera, surimi, crema de nécoras, aceites aromatizados, pasta de gambas asiática.

3
Huevos

Dónde se esconde: Mayonesa, rebozados, pastas al huevo, postres, salsas (holandesa, bearnesa), vinos clarificados con albúmina, baños para dar brillo a panes.

4
Pescado

Dónde se esconde: Salsa Worcestershire (Perrins), salsa César, tapenade, caldos, gelatinas, sushi, surimi, salsa de pescado asiática.

5
Cacahuetes

Dónde se esconde: Salsas tailandesas, satay, currys, chocolates, galletas, aceites aromáticos, mantequilla de cacahuete en postres o marinados.

6
Soja

Dónde se esconde: Salsa de soja, edamame, tofu, pan para hamburguesas, carnes procesadas, atún enlatado, caldos industriales, margarinas, chocolates.

7
Lácteos

Dónde se esconde: Salsas (bechamel, roquefort), purés, cremas, postres, mantequilla para marcar carnes, queso rallado oculto, suero de leche en panes.

8
Frutos de cáscara

Dónde se esconde: Salsa pesto (piñones/nueces), romesco, ensaladas, postres, mazapanes, turrones, aceites de nuez, decoración de platos.

9
Apio

Dónde se esconde: Sopas, caldos, fondos oscuros, ensaladas, sal de apio, especias mixtas, zumos vegetales, kétchup.

10
Mostaza

Dónde se esconde: Salsas, aliños, marinadas, currys, carnes procesadas, perritos calientes, hamburguesas, mayonesas especiales.

11
Granos de sésamo

Dónde se esconde: Pan de hamburguesa, hummus, tahini, sushi, ensaladas orientales, galletas saladas, falafel.

12
Sulfitos

Dónde se esconde: Vino para cocinar, vinagres, frutos secos procesados, frutas desecadas (orejones, pasas), encurtidos, zumos comerciales, conservas.

13
Altramuces

Dónde se esconde: Harinas (mezcladas con trigo), panes, pastelería, aperitivos (los típicos chochos).

14
Moluscos

Dónde se esconde: Salsa de ostras, caldos de pescado, paellas, fideuás, surimi, croquetas de marisco, tintas de calamar.

Fines for Non-Compliance with Allergen Regulations

Penalties in Spain:

Minor infraction€5,000 - €20,000
Serious infraction€20,001 - €100,000
Very serious infraction (harm to health)€100,001 - €600,000

In addition to fines: Temporary closure of the establishment, civil liability for damages, and possible criminal liability if there are serious injuries.

How to Display Allergens on Your Menu

The law requires that the information be clear and accessible. There are several valid ways:

Valid Methods

  • • Icons next to each dish
  • • List of allergens at the end of the menu
  • • Numeric codes (1-14) with a legend
  • • Bold text within ingredients
  • • Digital menu with allergen filters

NOT Valid

  • • "Ask the waiter" with no further info
  • • Information only verbally
  • • Very small or illegible text
  • • Only in one language (if you have foreign customers)
  • • Outdated information

The Problem: Detecting Allergens Is Tedious

If you have 100 products on your menu, checking each one for the 14 allergens is a huge task:

  • • Does the carbonara have eggs? Yes (in the traditional recipe)
  • • Does the pesto have nuts? Yes (pine nuts)
  • • Does the Worcestershire sauce have fish? Yes (anchovies)
  • • Does the hamburger bun have sesame? Depends on the supplier
  • • Does the soup have celery? Probably, if you use sofrito

Many allergens are "hidden" in ingredients you wouldn't suspect.

The Solution: Automatic Allergen Detection with AI

IAMenu uses artificial intelligence (GPT-4) to automatically analyze each dish on your menu and detect the 14 EU allergens.

How It Works:

  1. 1You create a product: "Pasta Carbonara" with description "Fresh pasta with guanciale, egg, pecorino, and black pepper"
  2. 2AI automatically analyzes the name + description
  3. 3Detects: Gluten (pasta), Eggs, Dairy (pecorino)
  4. 4Displays visual icons on your digital menu
  5. 5You can manually correct if the AI missed something

AI Detection Accuracy

~95% Accuracy

Obvious allergens: pasta → gluten, cheese → dairy, shrimp → shellfish

~70% Accuracy

Hidden allergens: Worcestershire sauce → anchovies, pesto → nuts

That’s why you can always review and manually correct. The AI saves you 90% of the work, you check the rest.

Advantages of the Digital Menu for Allergens

Instant Update

You change an ingredient → Allergens update automatically

Multilingual

French tourist sees allergens in French automatically

Filters for Customers

Celiac customer filters "gluten-free" and sees only suitable dishes

Clear Visual Icons

Easier to read than text or numeric codes

Checklist: Does Your Restaurant Comply with the Regulations?

  • Do you have the 14 allergens identified in EACH dish?
  • Is the information visible without having to ask for it?
  • Do you update allergens when you change recipes?
  • Does your staff know how to answer allergen questions?
  • Do you have the information in your customers' languages?

If you can't check all, you're at risk of a fine.

Conclusion

Allergen regulations are not optional - they are law. Fines can reach €600,000 and, more importantly, your customers' health is at stake.

With tools for automatic allergen detection like IAMenu, compliance is easier than ever. The AI does the heavy lifting, you verify, and sleep peacefully.

Automate Allergen Detection

IAMenu automatically detects the 14 EU allergens on your menu. 14 days free, no card required.

Try Allergen Detection for Free

Complete Guide: 14 Mandatory Allergens in EU Restaurants 2025 | Blog IAMenu